Escape from Violence: Conflict and the Refugee Crisis in the Developing World – Aristide R. Zolberg, Astri Suhrke, Sergio Aguayo
Author(s): Aristide R. Zolberg, Astri Suhrke, Sergio Aguayo
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Print Length: 400 pages
Genre: Non-Fiction / Ethnic Studies, Non-Fiction / Migration & Refugee Studies
Area: Afghanistan, Angola, Burundi, Central America, Chad, China, East Asia, Ethiopia, India, Laos, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Asia, South/Latin America, Sudan, Uganda, Vietnam, Zimbabwe
Topic: Asylum & Refugee System, Conflict & Post-Conflict, Crisis / Crises, Decolonization & Anti-Colonization, Development, Ethnic & Ethnicity, Globalization, History, National-Regional-International, Refugee Economies, Violence & Mass Violence
The magnitude of refugees movements in the Third World, widely perceived as an unprecedented crisis, has generated widespread concern in the West. This concern reveals itself as an ambiguous mixture of heartfelt compassion for the plight of the unfortunates cast adrift and a diffuse fear that they will come “pouring in.”
In this comprehensive study, the authors examine the refugee flows originating in Latin America, Africa, and Asia, and suggest how a better understanding of this phenomenon can be used by the international community to assist those in greatest need. Reviewing the history of refugee movements in the West, they show how their formation and the fate of endangered populations have also been shaped by the partisan objectives of receiving countries. They survey the kinds of social conflicts characteristic of different regions of the Third World and the ways refugees and refugee policy are made to serve broader political purposes.
Table of Contents
PART ONE. HISTORICAL AND ANALYTIC PERSPECTIVES
Chapter 1. Who Is a Refugee?
Why Definitions Matter
Classic Refugees
Religious Persecution
Political Opposition
National Minorities and the Stateless
The Reinstatement of Barriers Against Exit
Refugee Crises and the Emergence of an International Refugee Regime
The First European Crisis
The Second European Crisis
Challenges from the Developing World
Conclusion: In Fear of Violence
PART TWO. REGIONAL STUDIES
Chapter 2. Ethnic Conflict in the New States of Sub-Saharan Africa
A Crisis in the Making
The Weakest States, the Weakest Economies
Weak States and Ethnic Conflict
Ethnic Revolution and Counterrevolution in Rwanda and Burundi
The Two Wars of the Two Sudans
The Fragmentation of Chad
Tyrannical Rule and Its Legacy in Uganda
Chapter 3. In the Long Shadow of South Africa
Southern Africa as a Regional Complex
The Struggle Against Settler Regimes
Angola
Mozambique
Zimbabwe
Namibia
Structural Transformations Under Siege
“Total Strategy” and “Linkage”
Angola
Mozambique
Playing for Time in Namibia
Chapter 4. Separatism, Revolution, and War in Ethiopia and the Horn
Competitive State-Formation in the Horn
Concatenated Conflict
Eritrean Separatism
The Ethiopian Revolution
Somalia and the Ogaden Conflict
Eritrea After the Revolution
Famine and Its Aftermath
African Prospects
The New States
Ethiopia and the Horn
Southern Africa
Chapter 5. Reorganization of Political Communities in South Asia
Asia’s Refugees: An Overview
The Classic Case: Partition of India
South Asia After Partition
International Conflict and Refugee Flows
Internal Conflict and Refugees
Revolution and Intervention in West Asia: Afghanistan
Chapter 6. Revolution and Reaction in East Asia
The Classic Case: Revolution in China
Revolutionary Southeast Asia
Vietnam
Laos
Kampuchea
Reformist Southeast Asia
Asian Prospects
Chapter 7. Social Conflict and Refugees in Latin America
Introduction
Cuba
The Impact of a Socialist Revolution
Some Effects of the Cuban Revolution
Haitian Un-Development
The National Security States in the Southern Cone
Chapter 8. Social Revolutions and Refugees in Central America
The Roots of Social Revolution
The Central American Exodus
Prospects for Latin America
PART THREE. THEORETICAL AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS
Chapter 9. Patterns of Social Conflict and Refugee Movements
The Contemporary Crisis Reconsidered
The Globalization of Social Conflict
Refugees and the Formation of New States
Violent Decolonization
Ethnic Conflict in the New States
Refugees and Conflicts over the Social Order
The Waning of Revolutions and the Persistence of Rebellions
Bureaucratic-Authoritarian Rule
Weak States: Exit and Implosion
Chapter 10. Toward a Better International Refugee Regime
The Root Causes of Refugees
The Debate
Poverty and Refugees
Root Causes and Social Change
Dealing with Root Causes
Institutional Reforms
The Role of External Parties
Regional Peace Systems
Dealing with the Flows
The Definitional Question Revisited: Who Is a Refugee?
Politicization and Demystification
Special Problems of Our Time
Refugee-Warrior Communities
Refugees and North-South Relations
The Asylum Challenge
Notes
Index
Aristide R. Zolberg was born in Brussels in 1931, survived Nazi persecution, and emigrated to the United States in 1948, where he became self-supporting at age 16. His wife, sociologist Vera L. Zolberg, also taught at the New School until 2012. After attending Columbia University and Boston University, he served in the U.S. Army in 1955-56, and received his PhD in political science at the University of Chicago in 1961 with a specialization in African studies. He initially taught at the University of Wisconsin, then at the University of Chicago, and moved to the Graduate Faculty of the New School in New York in 1983. In between, he held visiting appointments at the Institut d’Etudes Politiques (“Sciences Po”), the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales and the College de France, all in Paris, as well as the Institute for Advanced Studies in Vienna, the Salzburg Seminar, and the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (Oslo)
Source: https://africa.wisc.edu/staff/zolberg-aristide/
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Astri Suhrke is a political scientist with broad experience in academic and applied research. She has worked on the social, political and humanitarian consequences of violent conflict, and strategies of response. More recently, she has focused on the politics of humanitarian policies in the UN system, concepts of human security and peacebuilding. She has led several research
projects funded by the Research Council of Norway: The Multilateral Aid system (2001-03); Aid in Post-Conflict Situations (2003-05), and Violence in the Post-Conflict State (2005-08). She is currently working on strategies of post-war reconstruction and statebuilding, with particular reference to Afghanistan. Her most recent books are When More is Less. The International Project in Afghanistan (forthcoming 2011), The Peace In Between: Post-War Violence and Peacebuilding (co-edited anthology, forthcoming 2011) and Roads to Reconciliation (2005) (co-edited anthology).
Astri Suhrke has participated in projects commissioned by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, various UN agencies (particularly UNHCR), SIDA, DANIDA, the Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation, DFID, the World Bank and UNDP. She is a member of a committee of experts serving the Norwegian Nobel Committee.
Source: https://www.cmi.no/staff/cv/astri-suhrke.pdf
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Sergio Aguayo is a Professor for the College of Mexico with one video in the C-SPAN Video Library; the first appearance was a 1995
Source: https://www.c-span.org/person/sergio-aguayo/38812/
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